The Mechanism of Drug – Drug Interactions: A Systematic Review

Abstract

When the pharmacological or therapeutic effects of one drug are changed by the presence of another, this is known as a drug-to-drug interaction (DDI). Because they affect the effectiveness and safety of pharmacological therapy, these interactions are crucial factors to take into account in clinical practice. To maximise treatment benefits and reduce side effects, it is crucial to comprehend the mechanisms behind these interactions. In polypharmacy circumstances, such as in elderly individuals or those with chronic disorders like cancer and cardiovascular diseases, drug-drug interactions were most common. The review highlights the significance of pharmacogenomics and personalised medicine in identifying patients at higher risk of drug-metabolizing enzyme-related infections (DDIs). The major mechanisms of drug-drug interactions (DDIs) are the subject of this study, which focusses on pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and combination pathways. This review aims to provide insights into the clinical importance of DDIs and suggestions on how to manage them successfully in practice by summarising the available research.